By David Robie
AUCKLAND (APR/IDN) — On a tragic day of mourning, thousands thronged the West Papuan funeral cortège on November 2 for the funeral of Filep Karma, and the banned Morning Star led the way in defiance of the Indonesian military.
There have not been so many Papuan flags flying under the noses of the security forces since the 2019 Papuan Uprising.
Human rights campaigner Filep Jacob Semuel Karma, 63, the “father” of the Papuan nation, was believed to be the one leader who could pull together the splintered factions seeking self-determination and independence.
His lifeless body in a wetsuit was found on Base-G beach by a resident on November 1 in the Melanesian region’s capital Jayapura. His death has shocked Papuans and grassroots activist communities in Indonesia and around the Pacific.
Police and Filep Karma’s family say they have no reason to believe that his death resulted from foul play, as reported by Jubi editor Victor Mambor in Jayapura and Nazarudin Latif from Jakarta for Benar News.
“I followed the post-mortem process and it was determined that my father died from drowning while diving,” Karma’s daughter, Andrefina Karma, told reporters.
But many human rights advocates and researchers aren’t so convinced.
Some are speculating about the reasons why peaceful former political prisoner Filep Karma was perceived to be an obstruction for Jakarta’s “development” plans for the Melanesian provinces.
“There were too many strange circumstances around his death and questioning police’s influence on the family. We are not accepting this as an accident,” declared Indonesian human rights activist Veronica Koman in a tweet. She says Filep Karma was so respected by West Papuans that he could have unified all factions.
“He was a father of the nation in the making—similar to Theys Eluay who was assassinated in 2001,” she said. “Indonesia would like to prevent this. An independent investigation must take place into his death.”
Theys Eluay (aged 64 at the time) chairman of Papuan Council Presidium was abducted and assassinated in December 2001, and the Indonesian military was suspected to be behind it. In the end four Kopassus soldiers were convicted in 2003 and sentenced to three years in jail.
Koman noted that while Indonesian human rights defenders shared their condolences, there was silence from the Jakarta state establishment.
Amnesty International has also called for an independent investigation.
The Papua Customary Council (DAP) and a coalition of civil organisations have formed an investigation team to examine the circumstances of Karma’s death.
“We have coordinated with various parties in the Papuan struggle, as well as with families and lawyers to conduct an independent investigation,” said council chair Dominggus Surabut.
Meanwhile, tributes have poured in from many of his friends, colleagues and fellow activists across Indonesia and the Pacific.
Indonesia researcher Andreas Harsono of Human Rights Watch wrote: “Filep Karma’s humour, integrity, and moral courage was an inspiration to many people. His death is a huge loss, not only for Papuans, but for many people across Indonesia and the Pacific who have lost a human rights hero.”
The Diplomat’s Southeast Asia editor Sebastian Strangio wrote: “Karma trod a path that avoided the extremes of violent rebellion and acquiescence to what many Papuans view as essentially foreign rule.
“Whether this approach ever would have achieved Karma’s long-held goal of independence and autonomy for the Papuan people is unclear, but his passing will clearly leave a large vacuum.”
He was a former civil servant who, dismayed at how many Indonesian state officials treated West Papuans, spurned a good salary to dedicate his life to West Papua.
Although standing for “justice, democracy, peace and non-violent resistance, he was jailed for 11 years for raising the Morning Star flag.
One of the most comprehensive tributes to Karma was offered by Benny Wenda, leader of the United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP), saying that the day was a “national day of mourning for the West Papuan people—all of us, whether in the bush, in the cities, in the refugee camps, or in exile”.
“Filep Karma was a great leader and a great man,” says Wenda.
“Across his life, he held many roles and won many accolades—he was a ULMWP Minister for Indonesian and Asian affairs, a Nobel Peace Prize nominee, and the longest serving peace advocate in an Indonesian jail.
“But he was first of all a frontline leader, present at every single protest, reassuring and inspiring all West Papuans who marched or prayed with him.
“Filep was there at the Biak Massacre in 1998, when 200 Papuans, many of them children, were murdered by the Indonesian military. Despite being shot several times in the leg that day, his experience of Indonesian brutality never daunted him.
“He continued to lead the struggle for liberation, whether in prison or in the streets.
“For West Papuans, Filep was equivalent to Mahatma Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, Martin Luther King.
“The history of our struggle lived within him.”
Now Benny Wenda says: “The big question is this: how did Filep die?” (He reportedly died while surfing despite being a skilled diver.)
“Indonesia systematically eliminates West Papuans who fight against their occupation. Sometimes they will kill us in public, like Theys Eluay and Arnold Ap, who was murdered and his body dumped on the same beach Filep died on.”
But Wenda adds, it is more common for West Papuans to “die in mysterious ways” or face character assassination, as in the case of Papua Governor Lukas Ensemble.
Filip Karma was a courageous and inspirational man of peace.
However, on November 2 at the funeral procession in Jayapura, many have been singing:
“Because Papua wants to be free. . .
“Indonesia likes to kill people . . .
“Indonesia likes to shoot people…”
* Dr David Robie is founding director of Auckland University of Technology’s Pacific Media Centre. [IDN-InDepthNews – 05 November 2022]
Photo: Ex-political prisoner and Papuan human rights leader Filep Karma . . . a father figure to West Papuans who revered him. Credit: Veronica Koman/Twitter
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